The current surge in Monkeypox (Mpox) cases has raised concerns globally, with the World Health Organization declaring it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). In a recent interview with Dr. Atul Goel, the director general of health services in the Union health ministry, he shed light on the seriousness of the outbreak and the threat perception in India.
Mpox is a viral illness that is self-limiting in most cases, with patients typically recovering completely within 2-4 weeks with supportive care. While there have been a small number of reported deaths, they are mostly in individuals with underlying health conditions or due to secondary infections from improper care.
Unlike airborne illnesses like influenza or Covid-19, Mpox spreads primarily through close physical contact with an infected person. Sexual transmission is also a significant mode of spread, along with contact with infected material such as blisters and scabs. Maintaining good hygiene practices and using personal protective measures are crucial in preventing the spread of the infection.
With Mpox cases reported in parts of Europe and neighboring Pakistan, concerns have been raised about the potential for a public health crisis in India. However, Dr. Goel reassured that the risk of a large outbreak in India is low. The government has taken proactive measures such as alerting points of entry, identifying designated hospitals for isolation and management, ensuring testing facilities, and enhancing surveillance to mitigate any potential risks.
There is a common belief that individuals with a history of smallpox illness are protected from Mpox. While there is some evidence to suggest this, Dr. Goel emphasized the importance of taking precautions as there are still many unknowns surrounding the virus.
The increase in zoonotic diseases or zoonoses in recent years has raised questions about the reasons behind this trend. Dr. Goel highlighted factors such as better diagnostic facilities, increased awareness, and surveillance programs that aid in early detection of communicable diseases. Additionally, factors like climate change, rapid urbanization leading to habitat loss, and deforestation have contributed to increased animal-human interactions, leading to a higher risk of zoonotic infections spilling over to humans.
In conclusion, while the current surge in Mpox cases is a cause for concern, India is taking necessary precautions to prevent a public health crisis. It is essential for individuals to practice good hygiene, use personal protective measures, and stay informed about the latest developments to protect themselves and their communities from the spread of Mpox.
